Trawling is a method of fishing that involves pulling a fishing net through
the water behind one or more boats. Trawling can be divided into bottom
trawling and midwater trawling, depending on how high the trawl (net) is in
the water column.

Trawling, which has been widely criticized for its use, causes damage to
the seabed and coral reefs. It is estimated that each time the trawl net is
pulled, about 5 to 25 percent of the seabed living environment is lost.

Davood Mirshekar, head of the marine ecosystem protection office at the
Department of Environment (DOE), told YJC that “due to the special
ecosystem sensitivities in the Persian Gulf and also the adverse effects of
climate change on biodiversity, we are opposed to any kind of trawling in
the Persian Gulf………

https://www.tehrantimes.com/news/465187/Trawling-a-catastrophe-that-must-be-stopped